Cannabinoids
and
Terpenes
Each item is linked to relevant research article.
- CBD (cannabidiol) - CBD, which is the abbreviation for cannabidiol, is usually the most abundant non-psychoactive cannabinoid in the cannabis plant, and it and analogs of CBD have been studied extensively in recent years. The plant-based (phytocannabinoid) CBD was discovered in 1940. By 2021 there were a total of 14 proposed members in the CBD family. CBD is a major cannabinoid that occurs naturally in cannabis.
- CBC (cannibichromene) - CBC, was discovered in 1966 (CBC-C5) and by 2016 there were a total of nine distinct members in the CBC family. CBC has the same origins as both THC and CBD in that they all stem from cannabigerolic acid (CBGA). CBC is non-intoxicating, thus, not producing a euphoric high like THC. The reason it is non-intoxicating is because it binds poorly to the CB1 receptors in the brain. The ability of CBC to function alongside other cannabinoids in the entourage effect makes it an important cannabinoid
- CBN (cannabinol) - CBN stands for cannabinol, one of the most well-known cannabinoids. CBN occurs naturally in the cannabis plant as the plant ages. Over time, when heated or exposed to oxygen, the cannabinoid TCH is converted to CBN. CBN is the first naturally-occurring cannabinoid to be isolated in its pure form in 1896. While THC and CBD continue to remain in the spotlight as the most popular cannabinoids, CBN should not get caught as a sleeper.
- CBG (cannabigerol) - Cannabigerol, the plant-based (phytocannabinoid) CBG, is a type of cannabinoid obtained from the cannabis plant. It is referred to as the mother of all cannabinoids as other cannabinoids are derived from cannabigerolic acid (CBGA), an acidic form of CBG. CBG is found in smaller quantities than other cannabinoids in cannabis plants. In most strains of the plant, only 1% of CBG can be found compared to 20 to 25% of CBD or 25 to 30% of THC. This makes consumer products derived from this cannabinoid rare and often expensive. However, CBG is growing in popularity as a result of the special characteristics this cannabinoid has to offer.
- B-caryophyllene- This terpene comes from black pepper, allspice, fig, clove, basil, rosemary and caraway. It has neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties. It may have anti-bacterial and anti-fungal properties.
- B-myrcene - This terpene comes from bay, parsley, wild thyme, lemongrass, cardemon and mango fruit to name a few. It may have anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-oxidant and anti-cancer properties.
- Nerolidol - This terpene comes from tea tree oil, ginger, lemongrass, and citrus peel. Nerolidol may have a sedative effect as well as anti-parasitic and anti-fungal properties.
- Linalool - Linalool is a terpene with nice, lavender flora. It comes from plants such as lavender, birch, rosewood, sweet basil, coriander, clove, lemon, and mandarin orange. It may have anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-anxiety, and sedative effects.
- B-pinene - The pinene compounds provide a pine-like, woody scent. Natural sources of pine are rosemary, pine, cedar, and rosewood. It may have anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties.
- Humulene - This is an earthy, woody and spice smelling terpene. It comes from basil, black pepper, hops and ginseng. It may have anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory properties.